History of the Nairobi National Museum

The Nairobi National Museum is Kenya’s largest museum, showcasing the country’s rich cultural and natural heritage. It was established in 1910 by a group of naturalists from the East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society (now the East African Natural History Society – EANHS). Their goal was to create a space to preserve and display Kenya’s diverse history, wildlife, and archaeology.

The first museum was a small structure along Government Road (now Moi Avenue). As the collection grew, a new museum was built in 1929 at the present-day location on Museum Hill, officially opening in 1930 as the Coryndon Museum, named after Sir Robert Coryndon, a former governor of Kenya.

In 1963, after Kenya’s independence, it was renamed the National Museum of Kenya to reflect its national identity. Over the years, the museum expanded, undergoing a major renovation between 2005 and 2008, reopening with a modern design while maintaining its historical significance.

Today, the Nairobi National Museum is a leading center for research and education, housing exhibits on Kenya’s history, culture, fossils, ethnography, and wildlife, including the famous Turkana Boy fossil—one of the most complete early human skeletons ever discovered. It remains a key attraction for both locals and tourists, offering a deep dive into Kenya’s past and heritage.

Must-See Galleries at the Nairobi National Museum

                   1. Early Man Gallery

The Early Man Gallery is a fascinating exhibit showcasing Kenya’s role in human evolution. It features the Turkana Boy fossil, a 1.6-million-year-old discovery that remains one of the most complete early human skeletons ever found. The gallery also displays prehistoric tools, skulls, and fossils that provide insight into the origins of humankind. Visitors can learn about the discovery sites in Kenya, such as Koobi Fora and Olorgesailie, which have contributed significantly to the study of human ancestry.

                   2.Natural History Gallery

This gallery brings Kenya’s rich biodiversity to life with life-sized models of the country’s wildlife, including the Big Five—lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, and rhino. It also features displays of marine life, insects, and reptiles, offering a comprehensive view of Kenya’s diverse ecosystems. A highlight of the exhibit is the coelacanth, a rare prehistoric fish once believed to be extinct, providing a glimpse into the mysteries of evolution and deep-sea life.

                      3.Cultural & Ethnography Gallery

Kenya is home to over 40 ethnic groups, each with its own traditions, language, and customs. The Cultural & Ethnography Gallery celebrates this diversity by showcasing traditional clothing, musical instruments, tools, and artifacts from different communities. Visitors can explore the intricate Maasai beadwork, Kikuyu ceremonial objects, and Swahili cultural artifacts, gaining a deeper understanding of Kenya’s cultural heritage and how these traditions have evolved over time.

                       4. Joy Adamson Gallery

Dedicated to the work of Joy Adamson, the famous conservationist and author of Born Free, this gallery features her stunning paintings that depict Kenya’s indigenous communities. Through her art, Adamson documented the unique attire, jewelry, and traditions of various Kenyan tribes. This gallery provides a visual journey into the past, preserving the identity of communities whose cultural practices are gradually changing due to modernization.

                         5. Birds of East Africa Gallery

With over 900 species on display, the Birds of East Africa Gallery is a paradise for bird enthusiasts. Kenya is known for its rich avian diversity, and this exhibit showcases everything from large birds like the African fish eagle to tiny sunbirds. One of the most eye-catching birds in the gallery is the Lilac-breasted Roller, Kenya’s national bird, known for its bright colors. The exhibit also highlights Kenya’s migratory birds and their seasonal movements across Africa and beyond.

                           6. Geology & Earth Sciences Gallery

This gallery offers a deep dive into Kenya’s geological history, showcasing a variety of volcanic rocks, minerals, and gemstones found in the country. Visitors can learn about the formation of the Great Rift Valley, an iconic geographical feature that has shaped Kenya’s landscape. The exhibit also explores volcanic activity, plate tectonics, and the role of minerals in Kenya’s economy, making it an educational experience for geology lovers and curious minds alike.

 

Top Attractions at the Nairobi National Museum

Snake Park 

Located within the museum grounds, the Snake Park is home to a variety of reptiles, including puff adders, black mambas, cobras, and pythons. Visitors can also see crocodiles, turtles, and lizards up close. The park serves as an educational center for learning about Kenya’s reptile species, their conservation, and their role in the ecosystem.

Botanical Gardens & Nature Trail 

The museum’s botanical gardens offer a serene escape with well-maintained trails surrounded by indigenous and exotic plants. The gardens are a perfect spot for nature lovers, featuring medicinal plants, fragrant flowers, and towering trees. It’s also a great place for birdwatching, as many bird species visit the area.

 Temporary & Rotating Exhibitions 

Apart from the permanent galleries, the museum frequently hosts temporary exhibitions showcasing art, photography, historical artifacts, and conservation efforts. These exhibits often highlight contemporary issues such as wildlife conservation, climate change, and Kenya’s evolving culture.

Shopping & Souvenir Shops

Visitors can browse through the museum’s gift shop, which offers a variety of unique souvenirs, including handmade jewelry, Maasai beadwork, books, African sculptures, and postcards. It’s the perfect place to pick up a meaningful keepsake or gift.

Storytelling & Cultural Performances 

On special occasions and weekends, the museum hosts live cultural performances, storytelling sessions, and interactive demonstrations of traditional crafts. These events provide visitors with a deeper understanding of Kenya’s diverse cultures through music, dance, and folklore.

The Museum Café

After exploring, visitors can relax at the on-site café, which serves a variety of snacks, drinks, and Kenyan dishes. It’s an excellent spot to unwind while enjoying views of the lush museum gardens.

Things to Do in Nairobi

In addition to visiting the Museum, there are plenty of other things to do in Nairobi that will make your trip even more memorable. After exploring the museum, you can visit some of the city’s other famous attractions, such as:

• David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust: Get up close to orphaned elephants and learn about conservation efforts.
  

• Giraffe Centre: Feed and interact with endangered Rothschild giraffes.

• Karen Blixen Museum: Explore the home of the famous author of “Out of Africa.“
• Nairobi Railway Museum: Discover Kenya’s railway history and heritage.